{"id":18349,"date":"2024-10-29T14:46:47","date_gmt":"2024-10-29T11:46:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/?p=18349"},"modified":"2025-07-29T10:01:15","modified_gmt":"2025-07-29T07:01:15","slug":"%d9%85%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%af%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/?p=18349","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5>\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h5>\n<h5>\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0646\u00a0 ( \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u062e\u064a\u0644 ) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u00a0 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 .<\/h5>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-18356\" src=\"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-2.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1066\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-2.jpeg 1600w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-2-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-2-1024x682.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-2-768x512.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-2-420x280.jpeg 420w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-2-1536x1023.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-2-700x466.jpeg 700w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18361 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-10.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-10.jpeg 1280w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-10-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-10-1024x768.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-10-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-10-420x315.jpeg 420w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-10-800x600.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-10-700x525.jpeg 700w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18352 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0631\u0633\u0645-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0631\u0633\u0645-1.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0631\u0633\u0645-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0631\u0633\u0645-1-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0631\u0633\u0645-1-420x560.jpg 420w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0631\u0633\u0645-1-600x800.jpg 600w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0631\u0633\u0645-1-700x933.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18353 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-6.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"576\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-6.jpeg 576w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-6-135x300.jpeg 135w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-6-461x1024.jpeg 461w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-6-420x933.jpeg 420w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18354 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-7.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"576\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-7.jpeg 576w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-7-135x300.jpeg 135w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-7-461x1024.jpeg 461w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-7-420x933.jpeg 420w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18355 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-8.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"576\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-8.jpeg 576w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-8-135x300.jpeg 135w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-8-461x1024.jpeg 461w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-8-420x933.jpeg 420w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/> \u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-18357\" src=\"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-3.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1066\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-3.jpeg 1600w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-3-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-3-1024x682.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-3-768x512.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-3-420x280.jpeg 420w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-3-1536x1023.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636-\u0631\u0633\u0645-3-700x466.jpeg 700w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0646\u00a0 ( \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u062e\u064a\u0644 ) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u00a0 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":18358,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,142,141,140,11,135],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18349","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2","category-142","category-141","category-140","category-11","category-135"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18349","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18349"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18349\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18365,"href":"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18349\/revisions\/18365"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/18358"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18349"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18349"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eco.mu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18349"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}